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The , published this week in Marine Pollution Bulletin relied on the help of local people and businesses to map ‘hotspots’ of plastic rubbish in ����ý. The MAPP (Mapping ����ý Plastic) project is a world-first - a city-wide plastic survey, designed to help find solutions to reduce plastic waste in urban areas.

Tackling the issue of urban plastic waste is complex and much of this litter reaches the world's oceans with severe environmental impacts. However, the monitoring of urban litter is often piecemeal at best, if done at all.

Citizen science, the action of utilising the public to support research, has been used to excellent effect for both research and engagement, usually for area clean-ups such as beach cleans. However, to date very few studies have assessed plastic pollution at a city scale. 

Researchers from the Revolution Plastics research initiative at the ����ý analysed data gathered by a to better understand the patterns and movement of plastic waste in ����ý. The app allowed anyone to contribute to mapping plastic pollution in the city. Local volunteers simply downloaded it on their mobile phones and submitted photographs of the plastic waste they encounter in their daily lives. 

Five mapping surveys took place in total and the Revolution Plastics team was then able to build a picture of where and when plastic waste is building up, and the different types of plastic pollution found in the city.

The study has compiled a significant dataset of 3,760 photographs which have been classified by plastic-type to assess patterns of plastic pollution in the UK city of ����ý, UK. 

The method is shown to have significant potential for further development to facilitate detailed analysis of plastic litter in urban centres across the world.

Lead Researcher, Samuel Winton from Revolution Plastics at the ����ý, said: “It is estimated that 13 million tonnes of plastics reach the ocean every year from land-based sources. It’s clear that cities like ����ý are a key source of plastic waste which, when mismanaged, can enter the aquatic environment. 

“We are really grateful to the people of ����ý for helping with the collection of data.  With plastic waste and climate change very much on the agenda at the moment, it is developments like this that can and will make a real difference.

“The study has created the evidence base for solutions to reduce plastic entering the sea and the wider environment. It has helped us understand more about plastic flows within the city and ultimately work to tackle plastic waste at source.”

, Director of Revolution Plastics at the ����ý, added: “With climate change very much on the agenda at the moment, it is developments like this that can and will make a real difference. The app has helped create the evidence base for solutions to reduce plastic entering the sea and the wider environment. The more people that use the app, the more researchers will understand about plastic flows within the city and ultimately work to tackle plastic waste at source.”

The project was funded by a charitable donation from the  

The ����ý partnered with a ����ý-based environmental technology company.  The Jetsam app allowed anyone to contribute to mapping plastic pollution in the city.